Aa!l,Á33 00P@Pp     p p  p@ HH $@d$HHHH̀̀̀ff@  d Footnote TableFootnote* DO NOT USEDO NOT USE FOOTNOTES!.\t - :;,.!?  f5 fTOC0Heading1Heading2Heading BSDDNSFTPFreeBSDIEEEIPIPv4IPv6NikanderPekkaTCPUDP   EquationVariablesˇ>[ Ï#]PY[]6[ + , . / 1 2 4 5X- > ? A BX" Y Z \ ] _ ` b c i j YY r s t v w xJ[  Ā Ă ă ą Ć Ĉ ĉ ċ ČY đ Ē[ Ė ė ĘX& X0 XXX]]^c^^_^_  74835: TableTitle: Table 1: K48343: TableTitle: Table 2: An example of a table that crosses both columns *22800: Figure: Figure 1: An example figure *36155: Figure: Figure 2: An example figure 21273: 1Heading: 1 Introduction 47640: 1Heading: 2 Related Work !45382: 1Heading: 3 Implementation $56538: 2Heading: 3.3 Equation styles! 46321: 2Heading: 3.4 Figures( N67810: BodyAfterHeading: When referring to appendices, figures included in the3 13455: 2Heading: 3.6 Tables: 76899: 1Heading: 4 Performance; 35665: 1Heading: 5 Conclusions< 25419: 0Heading: Availability= r73328: Reference: [3] William Strunk Jr, E.B. 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Being heavily self-referential, this 0otemplate illustrates the features included in this template. It is expected that the prospective authors using @rFrameMaker would create a new document based on this template, remove the content, and start writing their paper. 1I uNote that in this template, you may have a multi-paragraph abstract. However, that it is not necessarily a good pracpUrtice. Try to keep your abstract in one paragraph, and remember that the optimal length for an abstract is 200300 @words. HegHglh ldMll HH‡ jzHH‡w00l;8and has remained a bestseller since its introduction in :1930s. From the more contemporary ones, Writing for CComputer Science by Justin Zobel 0[2]0 seems appropri@ate. <RI&h0Implementation =m< 7In this section we cover the features included in this 0y< 9template. Our goal has been that the authors do not need 5to make modifications to the template; instead, they 8should be able to concentrate on the content and style. 6With this in mind, this template includes a number of 8features. On the other hand, we have also tried to keep 5this document simple and easy to maintain. Therefore 8there is usually just one way of doing things. For exam6ple, this template includes only MLA style references ;and numerical citations instead of including other styles. 3Note that this citation system does not follow any 6widely referenced system, such as the Harvard system. :Instead, it is often used in the USENIX papers, and it is @ easy to automate in FrameMaker. >$l`Paragraph styles ??@ 2When using FrameMaker, document structure is best 0K?5preserved and shown when using appropriate paragraph 7and character styles. This template includes a largish 4number of paragraph styles; some of the styles have /been included just to make the writing process :smoother. For example, the style called 0Heading for LAbstract is identical to the style 0Heading other that it is "5centered across both columns, automatically included Eafter Email, and that finishing it automatically continues @0Abstract instead of BodyAfterHeading. @` 3In this section, we cover all the paragraph styles 0_7included, starting from headings, continuing to styles 9used for body text, and finally covering the special pur@pose paragraph styles. Aa` Headings Ba-This templates supports three levels of headaIings: 1Heading, 2Heading and 3Heading. Additionally, E0Heading is identical to 1Heading other than they are "Aunnumbered. 3Headings run in to the paragraphs; for an @.example, see the beginning of this paragraph. C<` Body text D<2Most of the body text will use the Body 0H:paragraph style. However, if you type your text linearly, :every paragraph that follows a heading will use the style 9BodyAfterHeading instead. In this template, the two b8paragraph styles are almost identical, and you need not priate. Sometimes you need to include  code snippets @inside plaint text, or maybe you just want to !comment Bsomething for yourself. EquationVariables style is used Jfor equations, see 0Section3.30. Publication style is @meant to be used in the References section. Symbol is 3meant to help including characters from the Symbol Gfont, such as -abgd. Finally, #TypeWriter is another 3monospaced style, meant for other monospaced inforCmation but code, and $URLs purpose is to privide a style @ for URLs. T[h0 Equation styles U3 8This version of this template does not include polished p35equation styles. Anyway, if you paper requires heavy 6equations, you should most probably use LaTeX instead 8of FrameMaker. On the other hand, it can be argued that HHˆO^mHHˆlrn{ yvldPrr H$ p|H$ rr YDing the paragraph style to Figure, and centering the text 06frame. You can center the text frame by selecting the @low. 01Section102 is the first section in this paper. \frh 03Tables ] 2Typesetting tables in FrameMaker is somewhat prob09lematic. If you can fit in the table within a single col7umn, you can just include a table at the end of a para;?}$H]Nd$HOAW  d ;H‡ ĺjk;H‡m00lDDFirstly, the first line of Body paragraphs is intended by 0 B0.138 while the first line of BodyAfterHeading is not. BSecondly, he Body style allows page breaks to appear afAter or before two lines of text while BodyAfterHeading 7requires three lines. This distinction is made so that :headings are unlikely to appear at very bottom of a page; @that doesnt look too good. Thirdly, BodyAfterHeading :always includes white space above it while Body 7doesnt. Since headings include white space both above 9and below, usually this distinction doesnt make any dif8ference. Furthermore, if you ever need to reformat your 6text with a style where all paragraphs following head:ings are typeset really differently from others, this dis@tinction becomes handy. E. 8If you need to include bullet lists or enumerated lists Î-@5in your document, the following styles become handy. Fq @A Bulleted paragraph begins with a bullet sign at the 0q8left margin, the paragraph style itself doesnt include 6white space below or above the paragrah, and the rest 8of the paragraph is intended. Other than that, they are @'identical to the Body style. GUK 0A bullet item can be continued with a paragraph 0)UJ=named Bulleted Continud. This style includes white 2space above and below, producing more spacely bul@2let lists. You can use it for intended text, too. HV8 /Each numbered list should start with the style b89Numbered1. That style resets the numbering to start @ from one. I}h ;A plain Numbered just continues numbering regard0g6less of its position. That is, even though there were 6several paragraphs between this and the previous one, @this would be numbered as 2. J BThere is also a paragraph style named BodyAfterBullets. 09It is meant to be used after a bullet or enumerated list 8whenever you want to have a little bit of space between @&the list and the following paragraph. K "Sometimes you may want to include %snippets of code or other such text. @+Code  is the provided paragraph style. L CAbstract is usually used only in the beginning of the pa2'8per. It is automatically inserted after a heading style @called 0Heading for Abstracts, and in FrameMaker 6 it @crosses both columns. In older versions of FrameMaker @this feature is not supported. M` 2If you really need, we have also included a style pl=called Abstract Continued. However, its use is not 4recommmended. Instead, try to keep your abstract as @one paragraph. ;H8 Ļmn;H8 !!JoUb3a FrameMaker document should be able to use simple 0n7equations. We agree, and if you need those, please con@4tact us so that we can fix this template on demand. VSh 0!Figures WS 3The best way to include figures in FrameMaker docu0R7ments is to use anchored frames. To create an anchored Eframe, select SpecialAnchored Frame. For USENIX @papers, you usually want to position the figures either At "BTop of Column or At Bottom of Column, or sometimes Justin Zobel, Writing for Computer Science, 0R8%Springer-Verlag, December 1997, ISBN @ 9813083220 un 3Jane Ellen Long, Detailed Instructions for Acz-cepted Authors, Usenix Organization WWW "-page for 2002 Usenix Annual Technical Conference authors, b$ http://www.usenix.org/events/use@nix02/instrux/details.html H s}H u WvUTUT`  HdkehHdkCi2h0Introduction 3 4For the purposes of USENIX conference publications, 0 7the authors, not the USENIX staff, are solely responsi7ble for the content and formatting of their paper. The 7purpose of this template is to help those authors that 4want to use Adobe Framemaker to write their papers. 3This template has been prepared by Pekka Nikander, 5with the help of Jane-Ellen Long, based on an old US3ENIX FrameMaker template, dating a few years back. 7The original author of the old template is currently a @,mystery if you know, please enlighten us. 4P and therefore you cannot directly produce sane SGML 8or XML from this document. Additionally, the quality of 3HTML produced by standard FrameMaker 6.0 is is not 7that great. If you are interested in using FrameMaker+ 3SGML to produce your USENIX papers, please contact @9the authors of this paper. They may be able to help you. 5ai 9The rest of this paper is organized as follows. Next, in p'mD0Section20 , we give briefly discuss related work, such as Bother templates and style manuals. 0 Section30  discusses Ethe details of this template. 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It requires understanding of 7style and typography. The purpose of the templates pro7vided by the USENIX organization is to lift the burden 6of caring about typography from the authors. However, 9the authors still remain, and will always remain, respon@sible for the style. 8`-Word and LATEX Templates 9 4There is a Microsoft Word template available at the 0 6USENIX web site. Note, however, that it produces docu6ments that are somewhat different from those produced 4using this template. There is also a LaTeX template 8available. To the extend possible, we have tried to con6form to the LaTeX template. There is one large differ5ence, though. USENIX prefers to have the abstract to 3extend accross both of the columns while the LaTeX 8template places it in one column only. If you are using 9FrameMaker 6, this template does that. In older versions @-of FrameMaker, the feature is not supported. :+`Style manuals ;D 7Besides typography, style is the second element of pre0P9paring easy-to-read publications. There are tens of good